Constructed in 1828 by William Jenkins, a local lawyer,
Wheatland, or the James Buchanan House, is a brick, Federal style house which
was once surrounded by 22 acres of sculpted gardens and landscaped grounds.
Today Wheatland shares its ten acres with the Lancaster County Historical
Society.
James Buchanan purchased Wheatland in 1848, and lived in the
house for next two decades―except for several years during his ambassadorship
in Great Britain and during his presidency. Speaking of which: in complete
contrast to the constant travel that modern presidential hopefuls embark on,
Buchanan did not tour the country as part of his 1856 campaign. Instead, he
conducted it from Wheatland as a "front porch campaign". In this age
of instant communications, it boggles the mind to try and imagine how anyone
could run a successful campaign for President from his front porch!
After his death in 1868, Wheatland passed through a
succession of owners before it was acquired by a group of people who set up a
foundation for the purpose of preserving the house.
Wheatland was designated a National Historic Landmark in
1961 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. It was
designated a contributing property to the Northeast Lancaster Township Historic
District in 1980. The foundation and the adjacent historical society merged in
2009.
Wheatland was opened to the public on May 5, 1936 and was
dedicated "as a new presidential shrine, taking its place with Mount
Vernon, Monticello and The Hermitage," in October 1937.
Architecture and Décor
As already noted, Wheatland is built in the Federal style.
Wikipedia has this to say about its construction:
As no documents on the actual construction are known to
exist, the person or persons responsible for the design of Wheatland have
remained anonymous. However, the architecture of Wheatland, as well as its
location on the property, indicates someone who was skilled in classical
architecture. Design elements, like various lunette windows, also show the
influence of various architectural guidebooks that were prevalent in the early
19th century.
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| Former privy built well away from main house! |
The Grounds
On the grounds, behind Wheatland, stand a privy, a smoke-house and a carriage house. A stable used to stand on the property but
was replaced by the carriage house in the late 1880s; an ice-house also no
longer exists.
A bathroom, complete with bathtub, shower and a bidet, was
installed in the west wing in 1884. Until this was done, the household and
guests had to visit a large square privy built well away from the main
house―for obvious reasons.
Making the best of a poor situation, I am happy I took the
trouble to see Wheatland, but I am disappointed I did not have an opportunity to
enter the house to get a sense of life in the mid-1800s. Again, Wikipedia
offers this:
The interior of Wheatland is furnished as it would have
been in the mid-19th Century, with most of the furniture being original to the
house. As Wheatland has never been significantly altered or remodelled other
than the installation of modern lighting and heating, it provides an accurate
view of the lifestyle in the Victorian era.
If you are visiting Lancaster, don’t do as I did―make sure
you visit James Buchanan’s Wheatland while it is open! Having said that―unless
I have missed it―the official website does not mention specific opening hours,
just the start of the first and last guided tours. It is probably safe to assume
that opening hours are 9 AM-5 PM, but don’t take my word for it, call
717-392-4633 to confirm this for yourself.
The Hours of Operation noted below are taken directly from
the official site:
April through October
Tours are offered Monday through Saturday, on the hour, starting with the 10 AM tour. The last tour begins at 4 PM.
Closed
Sundays, Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, New Year’s Eve and New Years Day.
And just to prove that my outing to Wheatland was not a
complete waste of time, here is a brief video documenting my visit:
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